RESUMO
Coating thermal noise is one of the dominant noise sources in current gravitational wave detectors and ultimately limits their ability to observe weaker or more distant astronomical sources. This Letter presents investigations of TiO_{2} mixed with SiO_{2} (TiO_{2}:SiO_{2}) as a coating material. We find that, after heat treatment for 100 h at 850 °C, thermal noise of a highly reflective coating comprising of TiO_{2}:SiO_{2} and SiO_{2} reduces to 76% of the current levels in the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors-with potential for reaching 45%, if we assume the mechanical loss of state-of-the-art SiO_{2} layers. Furthermore, those coatings show low optical absorption of <1 ppm and optical scattering of â²5 ppm. Notably, we still observe excellent optical and thermal noise performance following crystallization in the coatings. These results show the potential to meet the parameters required for the next upgrades of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors.
Assuntos
Implante de Prótese Vascular , Artéria Femoral/cirurgia , Extremidade Inferior/irrigação sanguínea , Doença Arterial Periférica/cirurgia , Religião e Medicina , Religião , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Artéria Femoral/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Femoral/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Salvamento de Membro , Doença Arterial Periférica/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença Arterial Periférica/fisiopatologia , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
More than 50 years ago, two investigators described a rare case of multiple esophageal diverticula, which they named esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis (EIPD). To this day, the pathogenesis of this condition remains obscure. Several coexisting conditions, such as strictures, esophageal dysmotility, or infection, require medical treatment. We present two typical cases of EIPD and one case of a rare single esophageal intramural diverticulum.
